HISET Social Studies Practice 2026 - Free HISET Social Studies Practice Questions and Study Guide

A monarchy is defined by leadership that is typically held by a single individual, often known as a king or queen, who ascends to their position through hereditary means. This means that the ruler's right to govern is based on birthright, often passed down through royal lineage. In this system, the ruling monarch often has the authority to make decisions and govern the state, which is a fundamental characteristic of monarchy.

In contrast, other options illustrate different forms of governance. For example, a government elected by the people aligns with a democratic system where officials are chosen through elections, not through hereditary succession. Similarly, a system where powers are equally distributed reflects a more egalitarian or democratic approach, rather than the concentration of power in one individual, which is typical of monarchies. Lastly, leadership that changes annually suggests a transient form of governance, such as that found in certain democratic systems, further distinguishing it from the stability often associated with monarchy under a single ruler.